「模拟测试」20171017

T1 购买板凳

有 $n$ 条信息,每条信息包含 $x$ 个人,这 $x$ 个人会在 $A$ 时间到达,$B$ 时间离开,每个人到达后会占用一个板凳,求至少要准备多少个板凳。

题解

这个题我看完就直接扫描线了,把时间换算成分钟,然后 $A$ 时间 $+x$,$B$ 时间 $-x$,排序后累加即可。
注意处理边界,即重复的时刻要先累加再更新答案

时间复杂度 $O(n \log n)$。

当然这个题也可以直接差分做到 $O(n)$。

代码

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/**
* Copyright (c) 2017, xehoth
* All rights reserved.
* 「SuperOJ 1989」购买板凳 17-10-2017
* 扫描线
* @author xehoth
*/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

namespace IO {

inline char read() {
static const int IN_LEN = 1000000;
static char buf[IN_LEN], *s, *t;
s == t ? t = (s = buf) + fread(buf, 1, IN_LEN, stdin) : 0;
return s == t ? -1 : *s++;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool read(T &x) {
static char c;
static bool iosig;
for (c = read(), iosig = false; !isdigit(c); c = read()) {
if (c == -1) return false;
c == '-' ? iosig = true : 0;
}
for (x = 0; isdigit(c); c = read()) x = x * 10 + (c ^ '0');
iosig ? x = -x : 0;
return true;
}

inline void read(char &c) {
while (c = read(), isspace(c) && c != -1)
;
}

inline int read(char *buf) {
register int s = 0;
register char c;
while (c = read(), isspace(c) && c != -1)
;
if (c == -1) {
*buf = 0;
return -1;
}
do
buf[s++] = c;
while (c = read(), !isspace(c) && c != -1);
buf[s] = 0;
return s;
}

const int OUT_LEN = 1000000;

char obuf[OUT_LEN], *oh = obuf;

inline void print(char c) {
oh == obuf + OUT_LEN ? (fwrite(obuf, 1, OUT_LEN, stdout), oh = obuf) : 0;
*oh++ = c;
}

template <typename T>
inline void print(T x) {
static int buf[30], cnt;
if (x == 0) {
print('0');
} else {
x < 0 ? (print('-'), x = -x) : 0;
for (cnt = 0; x; x /= 10) buf[++cnt] = x % 10 | 48;
while (cnt) print((char)buf[cnt--]);
}
}

inline void print(const char *s) {
for (; *s; s++) print(*s);
}

inline void flush() { fwrite(obuf, 1, oh - obuf, stdout); }

struct InputOutputStream {
template <typename T>
inline InputOutputStream &operator>>(T &x) {
read(x);
return *this;
}

template <typename T>
inline InputOutputStream &operator<<(const T &x) {
print(x);
return *this;
}

~InputOutputStream() { flush(); }
} io;
}

namespace {

using IO::io;

const int MAXN = 100000;

struct Node {
int x, val;

inline bool operator<(const Node &p) const { return x < p.x; }

Node(int x = 0, int val = 0) : x(x), val(val) {}
} data[MAXN * 2 + 5];

int cnt;

inline void solve() {
register int n;
io >> n;
for (register int i = 1, x, a, b, c, d; i <= n; i++) {
io >> x >> a >> b >> c >> d;
data[++cnt] = Node(a * 60 + b, x);
data[++cnt] = Node(c * 60 + d, -x);
}
std::sort(data + 1, data + cnt + 1);
register int max = 0, now = 0;
for (register int i = 1; i <= cnt; i++) {
now += data[i].val;
while (i + 1 <= cnt && data[i].x == data[i + 1].x)
i++, now += data[i].val;
max = std::max(max, now);
}
io << max;
}
}

int main() {
// freopen("chair.in", "r", stdin);
// freopen("chair.out", "w", stdout);
solve();
return 0;
}

T2 新排序

定义不和谐的数字满足:这个数字严格小于它左边的一个数字或大于它右边的一个数字,每次选出所有不和谐的数字删去,直到没有不和谐的数字存在,求最后的序列。

题解

一开始想了个 std::liststd::list,后来感觉一个 std::list 似乎就可以,然后发现自己算了假的复杂度,用一个链表可以通过先单调递增后单调递减的数据卡到 $O(n ^ 2)$ 级别。

考虑 std::liststd::list,我们可以把序列划分成很多上升的子串,每次会删除子串相交处的数,我们用双向链表维护这些子串,每次 $O(1)$ 删除每个不和谐的数,然后再依次合并子串,时间复杂度 $O(n)$。

注意 std::list::splice 复杂度的问题:

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void splice( const_iterator pos, list& other );
void splice( const_iterator pos, list& other, const_iterator it );

复杂度 $O(1)$

1
void splice( const_iterator pos, list& other, const_iterator first, const_iterator last);

&other == this,复杂度 $O(1)$,否则为 std::distance(first, last)

代码

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/**
* Copyright (c) 2017, xehoth
* All rights reserved.
* 「SuperOJ 1990」新排序 17-10-2017
* 链表
* @author xehoth
*/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

namespace IO {

inline char read() {
static const int IN_LEN = 1000000;
static char buf[IN_LEN], *s, *t;
s == t ? t = (s = buf) + fread(buf, 1, IN_LEN, stdin) : 0;
return s == t ? -1 : *s++;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool read(T &x) {
static char c;
static bool iosig;
for (c = read(), iosig = false; !isdigit(c); c = read()) {
if (c == -1) return false;
c == '-' ? iosig = true : 0;
}
for (x = 0; isdigit(c); c = read()) x = x * 10 + (c ^ '0');
iosig ? x = -x : 0;
return true;
}

inline void read(char &c) {
while (c = read(), isspace(c) && c != -1)
;
}

inline int read(char *buf) {
register int s = 0;
register char c;
while (c = read(), isspace(c) && c != -1)
;
if (c == -1) {
*buf = 0;
return -1;
}
do
buf[s++] = c;
while (c = read(), !isspace(c) && c != -1);
buf[s] = 0;
return s;
}

const int OUT_LEN = 1000000;

char obuf[OUT_LEN], *oh = obuf;

inline void print(char c) {
oh == obuf + OUT_LEN ? (fwrite(obuf, 1, OUT_LEN, stdout), oh = obuf) : 0;
*oh++ = c;
}

template <typename T>
inline void print(T x) {
static int buf[30], cnt;
if (x == 0) {
print('0');
} else {
x < 0 ? (print('-'), x = -x) : 0;
for (cnt = 0; x; x /= 10) buf[++cnt] = x % 10 | 48;
while (cnt) print((char)buf[cnt--]);
}
}

inline void print(const char *s) {
for (; *s; s++) print(*s);
}

inline void flush() { fwrite(obuf, 1, oh - obuf, stdout); }

struct InputOutputStream {
template <typename T>
inline InputOutputStream &operator>>(T &x) {
read(x);
return *this;
}

template <typename T>
inline InputOutputStream &operator<<(const T &x) {
print(x);
return *this;
}

~InputOutputStream() { flush(); }
} io;
}

namespace {

using IO::io;

typedef std::list<std::list<int> > List;
List list;

inline void solveCase() {
list.clear();
register int n;
static std::list<int> now;
io >> n, now.clear();
for (register int i = 1, v, last = -1; i <= n; i++) {
io >> v;
if (v < last) list.push_back(now), now.clear();
last = v, now.push_back(v);
}
if (!now.empty()) list.push_back(now);
while (list.begin() != --list.end()) {
for (register List::iterator it = list.begin(); it != list.end();
it++) {
if (it != list.begin()) it->pop_front();
if (!it->empty() && it != --list.end()) it->pop_back();
}
while (!list.empty() && list.begin()->empty()) list.pop_front();
for (register List::iterator it = list.begin(), next; it != list.end();
it++) {
while (++(next = it) != list.end()) {
if (next->empty() || next->front() >= it->back())
it->splice(it->end(), *next), list.erase(next);
else
break;
}
}
}
if (!list.empty()) {
io << list.begin()->size() << '\n';
for (register std::list<int>::iterator it = list.begin()->begin();
it != list.begin()->end(); it++)
io << *it << ' ';
io << '\n';
} else {
io << "0\n\n";
}
}

inline void solve() {
register int T;
io >> T;
while (T--) solveCase();
}
}

int main() {
solve();
return 0;
}

T3 豆豆游戏

有 $01$ 两个数,每次可以向任意一个位置插入一个数,若连在一起的相同的数达到三个及以上,就会被消除,可以连锁消除,求最小的消除次数。

题解

先考虑前 $% 30$ 的数据,这个题 $% 30$ 的数据可能需要一些高超的搜索技巧,用链表维护这串数,然后先贪心选择相同数多的位置进行搜索,然后以当前状态最坏次数 $/ 5$ 为估价函数搜索($/ 6$ 及以上可能会 T)。

然后是正解,考虑区间 DP,首先数相同的一块肯定是一起消除的,所以我们可以把相邻的相同的点合在一起,令 $num[i]$ 表示其个数。

$dp[l][r]$ 表示 $[l, r]$ 内全部消除的最小次数,我们显然有以下转移:

$$\begin{cases}3 - num[l] & l = r \\ dp[l][k] + dp[k + 1][r] & l \leq k \lt r \\ dp[l + 1][r - 1] + \max\{0, \ \ 3 - num[l] - num[r]\} & c[l] = c[r]\end{cases}$$

然而还有一种转移:
$$dp[l + 1][k - 1] + dp[k + 1][r - 1], c[l] = c[r] = c[k], num[l] + num[r] \lt 4, num[k] = 1$$
如 $110010011$ 和 $10011001$ 消去任意一段 $0$ 后并上的 $1$ 就 $\geq 3$。

然后记忆化搜索就好了,时间复杂度 $O(n ^ 3)$

代码

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/**
* Copyright (c) 2017, xehoth
* All rights reserved.
* 「SuperOJ 1991」豆豆游戏 17-10-2017
* 区间 DP
* @author xehoth
*/
#include <bits/stdc++.h>

namespace IO {

inline char read() {
static const int IN_LEN = 1000000;
static char buf[IN_LEN], *s, *t;
s == t ? t = (s = buf) + fread(buf, 1, IN_LEN, stdin) : 0;
return s == t ? -1 : *s++;
}

template <typename T>
inline bool read(T &x) {
static char c;
static bool iosig;
for (c = read(), iosig = false; !isdigit(c); c = read()) {
if (c == -1) return false;
c == '-' ? iosig = true : 0;
}
for (x = 0; isdigit(c); c = read()) x = x * 10 + (c ^ '0');
iosig ? x = -x : 0;
return true;
}

inline void read(char &c) {
while (c = read(), isspace(c) && c != -1)
;
}

inline int read(char *buf) {
register int s = 0;
register char c;
while (c = read(), isspace(c) && c != -1)
;
if (c == -1) {
*buf = 0;
return -1;
}
do
buf[s++] = c;
while (c = read(), !isspace(c) && c != -1);
buf[s] = 0;
return s;
}

const int OUT_LEN = 1000000;

char obuf[OUT_LEN], *oh = obuf;

inline void print(char c) {
oh == obuf + OUT_LEN ? (fwrite(obuf, 1, OUT_LEN, stdout), oh = obuf) : 0;
*oh++ = c;
}

template <typename T>
inline void print(T x) {
static int buf[30], cnt;
if (x == 0) {
print('0');
} else {
x < 0 ? (print('-'), x = -x) : 0;
for (cnt = 0; x; x /= 10) buf[++cnt] = x % 10 | 48;
while (cnt) print((char)buf[cnt--]);
}
}

inline void print(const char *s) {
for (; *s; s++) print(*s);
}

inline void flush() { fwrite(obuf, 1, oh - obuf, stdout); }

struct InputOutputStream {
template <typename T>
inline InputOutputStream &operator>>(T &x) {
read(x);
return *this;
}

template <typename T>
inline InputOutputStream &operator<<(const T &x) {
print(x);
return *this;
}

~InputOutputStream() { flush(); }
} io;
}

namespace {

using IO::io;

const int MAXN = 200;

int f[MAXN + 1][MAXN + 1], num[MAXN + 1];
bool vis[MAXN + 1][MAXN + 1];
char s[MAXN + 1], ch[MAXN + 1];

int dp(int l, int r) {
register int &ret = f[l][r];
if (vis[l][r]) return ret;
vis[l][r] = true;
if (l == r) return ret = 3 - num[l];
if (ch[l] == ch[r]) {
ret = dp(l + 1, r - 1) + std::max(0, 3 - num[l] - num[r]);
if (num[l] + num[r] < 4) {
for (register int k = l + 2; k < r; k += 2) {
if (num[k] == 1) {
ret = std::min(ret, dp(l + 1, k - 1) + dp(k + 1, r - 1));
}
}
}
}
for (register int k = l; k < r; k++)
ret = std::min(ret, dp(l, k) + dp(k + 1, r));
return ret;
}

inline void solveCase() {
register int n = IO::read(s + 1);
register int cnt = 0;
memset(num, 0, sizeof(int) * (n + 1));
for (register int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
if (s[i] != s[i - 1])
ch[++cnt] = s[i], num[cnt] = 1;
else
num[cnt]++;
}
for (register int i = 0; i <= cnt; i++) {
memset(f[i], 0x3f, sizeof(int) * (cnt + 1));
memset(vis[i], 0, sizeof(bool) * (cnt + 1));
}
io << dp(1, cnt) << '\n';
}

inline void solve() {
register int T;
io >> T;
while (T--) solveCase();
}
}

int main() {
solve();
return 0;
}

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